The evidence-based glycolic acid resource

Glycolic acid is an alpha-hydroxy acid (AHA) derived from sugarcane. It has the smallest molecular weight of all AHAs, which allows it to penetrate skin more effectively and accelerate the shedding of dead skin cells.

It can be, with the right approach. Start with a low concentration (5% or less), use it no more than twice a week, and always patch test first. If you experience persistent redness or stinging, consider gentler alternatives like lactic acid.

Beginners should start with once or twice per week and gradually increase frequency over several weeks. Most people tolerate daily use at lower concentrations (5-10%), but higher concentrations should be used less frequently.

Glycolic acid is a water-soluble AHA that works on the skin's surface to improve texture and tone. Salicylic acid is an oil-soluble BHA that penetrates into pores, making it better suited for acne-prone and oily skin types.

Most dermatologists consider low-concentration topical glycolic acid (10% or below) low-risk during pregnancy because systemic absorption is minimal, while professional-strength peels should wait until after delivery. No controlled human studies exist, so always discuss skincare actives with your OB-GYN or midwife first.